Rails Secret_key_base Generate

15.12.2020

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An Engine with the responsibility of coordinating the whole boot process. Rails::Application is responsible for executing all railties and engines initializers. It also executes some bootstrap initializers (check Rails::Application::Bootstrap) and finishing initializers, after all the others are executed (check Rails::Application::Finisher). Use your existing secretkeybase from the secrettoken.rb initializer to set the SECRETKEYBASE environment variable for whichever users running the Rails application in production mode. Alternatively, you can simply copy the existing secretkeybase from the secrettoken.rb initializer to secrets.yml under the production section, replacing '<%= ENV'

An intro to Encrypted Secrets in Ruby on Rails

Rails 5.1 introduced Encrypted Secrets to help simplify the management of your application secrets (things such as service credentials and the secret_key_base). This article details the feature and its usage.

Why Encrypted Secrets?

Rails 4.1 generates a new secrets.yml file in the config folder. By default, this file contains the application's secretkeybase, but it could also be used to store other secrets such as access keys for external APIs. The secrets added to this file are accessible via Rails.application.secrets. For example, with the following config/secrets.yml.
Rails 4.1 generates a new secrets.yml file in the config folder. By default, this file contains the application's secretkeybase, but it could also be used to store other secrets such as access keys for external APIs. The secrets added to this file are accessible via Rails.application.secrets. For example, with the following config/secrets.yml.

Since Rails 4.1, the framework has given you the ability to centrally store secrets in the config/secrets.yml file. The glaring shortcoming of secrets.yml is that the file actually is in no way secure, and you cannot actually safely check it into version control with any production credentials. The convention for production credentials was always to load them within secrets.yml but from the host environment. Usually your secrets file would end up looking something like this:

config/secrets.yml

</div><table><tbody><tr><td><div><div>2</div><div>4</div><div>6</div><div>8</div><div>10</div></div></td><td><div><div><span>secret_key_base</span><span>:</span><span>972888f3521e5c5ec8491cd3295e51af38fc93e059c1a00e8e03804288f64d77753b66a5108baaddfe6</span></div><div><span>secret_key_base</span><span>:</span><span>1d1be5ad7ea1e9d833e752a2de941217222fe9c6ea5467b9d63f69d38c8aa4c4219db9edc37d3b80fc4</span></div><div><span>secret_key_base</span><span>:</span><span><%=</span><span>ENV</span><span>[</span><span>'SECRET_KEY_BASE'</span><span>]</span><span>%></span></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><p>Rails 5.1+’s Encrypted Secrets feature means you can now keep production secrets in a second fully encrypted file (AES-256 by default), which is managed by the framework. Secrets from the encrypted <code>secrets.yml.enc</code> file are merged with secrets from the unencrypted <code>secrets.yml</code> file.</p><h2>Getting started with Encrypted Secrets</h2><p>Encrypted secrets is not set up by default, and in order to bootstrap it you need to run:</p><div><span>In shell</span></div><p>This will drop a few files into your project tree:</p><ul><li><strong>config/secrets.yml.key</strong> – contains the actual secret key used by the framework to AES-encrypt your secrets.</li><li><strong>config/secrets.yml.enc</strong> – the encrypted digest form of your (encrypted) secrets.</li></ul><p>It should go without saying that the <code>config/secrets.yml.key</code> file should be handled carefully and never checked into version control as it is all that is required to decrypt your secrets (it is accordingly gitignored by default).</p><p>To edit your secrets, invoke the command:</p><div><span>In shell</span></div><p>If you have no EDITOR variable defined in your shell environment you will need to set one. For Sublime Text, you can add the following to your <code>.bash_profile</code> (or similar shell configuration file).</p><div><span>.bash_profile</span></div><div><textarea wrap='soft' readonly='># Export a default text editor. # Assumes you have set up 'subl': # https://www.sublimetext.com/docs/2/osx_command_line.html export EDITOR='subl -w'

2 4	# Assumes you have set up 'subl': # https://www.sublimetext.com/docs/2/osx_command_line.html

The secrets:edit task will decrypt your secrets and pop them open in your editor where you can make changes. When you quit the editor, the framework will re-encrypt the secrets and overwrite the existing secrets.yml.enc file.

Usage in production

In production, Rails will look for the decryption key either in the environment variable RAILS_MASTER_KEY or in a local copy of the key file (config/secrets.yml.key). How you get the environment variable exposed to your application or how you inject the key file is a matter that is specific to your particular hosting and infrastructure management setup.

Caveats

It is important to understand that using Encrypted Secrets over other solutions does have drawbacks. It is likely to fit best within projects that have small and very trusted teams. Because every developer who is expected to manage secrets in an application must have a local copy of the encryption key, situations like terminating an employee become somewhat complicated. More specifically you would need an efficient solution to quickly rotate your encryption key in production, and also to quickly distribute a new key to all developers.

For this reason you may want to consider another solution if your organization is of a certain scale. What the best such solution is will likely come down to details of your infrastructure management and hosting, but no matter what it will likely be a matter of having credentials exposed via the ENV. PaaS solutions like Heroku, CloudFoundry and Cloud66 all provide ENV variable management faculties, and such solutions are better equipped to handle the practical security needs of larger organizations.

app error: Missing `secret_key_base` for 'production' environment, set this value in `config/secrets.yml` (RuntimeError)

secret_key_base

Rails Secret_key_base Generate Number

So i was using Rails 4.1 with Unicorn v4.8.2 and when i tried to deploy my app it doesn't start properly and into the unicorn.log file i found this error message:

'app error: Missing `secret_key_base` for 'production' environment, set this value in `config/secrets.yml` (RuntimeError)'

After a little research i found that Rails 4.1 change the way to manage the secret_key, so if we read the secrets.yml file located at exampleRailsProject/config/secrets.yml (you need to replace 'exampleRailsProject' for your project name) you will find something like this:

# Do not keep production secrets in the repository,

# instead read values from the environment.

production:

secret_key_base: <%= ENV['SECRET_KEY_BASE'] %>

This means that rails recommends you to use an environment variable for the secret_key_base in our production server, so in order to solve this error you will need to follow this steps to create an environment variable for linux (in my case it is Ubuntu) in our production server:

1.- In the terminal of our production server you will execute the next command:

$ RAILS_ENV=production rake secret

This will give a large string with letters and numbers, this is what you need, so copy that (we will refer to that code as GENERATED_CODE).

2.1- Now if we login as root user to our server we will need to find this file and open it:

$ vi /etc/profile

Then we go to the bottom of the file ('SHIFT + G' for capital G in VI)

And we will write our environment variable with our GENERATED_CODE (Press 'i' key to write in VI), be sure to be in a new line at the end of the file:

export SECRET_KEY_BASE=GENERATED_CODE

Having written the code we save the changes and close the file (we push 'ESC' key and then write ':x' and 'ENTER' key for save and exit in VI)

2.2 But if we login as normal user, lets call it example_user for this gist, we will need to find one of this other files:

$ vi ~/.bash_profile

$ vi ~/.bash_login

$ vi ~/.profile

These files are in order of importance, that means that if you have the first file, then you wouldn't need to write in the others. So if you found this 2 files in your directory '~/.bash_profile' and '~/.profile' you only will have to write in the first one '~/.bash_profile', because linux will read only this one and the other will be ignored.

Then we go to the bottom of the file ('SHIFT + G' for capital G in VI)

And we will write our environment variable with our GENERATED_CODE (Press 'i' key to write in VI), be sure to be in a new line at the end of the file:

export SECRET_KEY_BASE=GENERATED_CODE

Having written the code we save the changes and close the file (we push 'ESC' key and then write ':x' and 'ENTER' key for save and exit in VI)

3.-We can verify that our environment variable is properly set in linux with this command:

$ printenv grep SECRET_KEY_BASE

or with:

$ echo $SECRET_KEY_BASE

When you execute this command, if everything went ok, it will show you the GENERATED_CODE that we generated before. Finally with all the configuration done you can deploy without problems your Rails app with Unicorn or other.

Now when you close your shell terminal and login again to the production server you will have this environment variable set and ready to use it.

And Thats it!! i hope this mini guide help you to solve this error.

Disclaimer: i'm not a guru of linux or rails, so if you find something wrong or any error i will be glad to correct it!

commented Jan 7, 2015

(we push 'ESC' key and then write ':x' and 'ENTER' key for save and exit in VI)
when we going this way at this place ':x' and 'ENTER' for save and exit its demand the encrepted key
or not save exit

Rails Secret_key_base

commented Aug 23, 2015

Rails Generate Secret Key Base

This is solution:

At your app inside application.rb add this line:

commented Jul 13, 2016•
edited

TY bro that fix my problem

zirexba commented on 22 Aug 2015
This is solution:
At your app inside application.rb add this line:
config.secret_key_base = 'blipblapblup'

commented Oct 28, 2016

config.secret_key_base = '<%= ENV['SECRET_KEY_BASE'] %>' is more secure

Rails Generate Model Foreign Key

commented Jun 6, 2017

Add this line in config/environments/production.rb
config.secret_key_base = ENV['SECRET_KEY_BASE']

commented Dec 29, 2017•
edited

commented Sep 18, 2018

config.secret_key_base = 'blipblapblup'

Thank you. Fixed here!

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Rails Secret_key_base Generate

An intro to Encrypted Secrets in Ruby on Rails

Why Encrypted Secrets?

Usage in production

Caveats

Related posts:

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Rails Secret_key_base Generate Number

commented Jan 7, 2015

Rails Secret_key_base

commented Aug 23, 2015

Rails Generate Secret Key Base

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cr1cke4.netlify.app

An intro to Encrypted Secrets in Ruby on Rails

Why Encrypted Secrets?

Usage in production

Caveats

Related posts:

Leave a Comment

Rails Secret_key_base Generate Number

commented Jan 7, 2015

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commented Aug 23, 2015

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commented Jul 13, 2016• edited

commented Oct 28, 2016

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commented Dec 29, 2017• edited

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commented Jul 13, 2016•
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commented Dec 29, 2017•
edited